Commentary to Kant's 'Critique of Pure Reason, '

Of all major philosophical works, The Critique of Pure Reason is one of the most rewarding, yet one of the most difficult. Norman Kemp Smith's Commentary elucidates not only textural questions & minor issues, but also the central problems which arise, he contends, from the conflicting tendencies of Kant's own thinking. This Commentary by Kant's foremost translator into English continues to be in demand with Kant scholars.
Preface to the 1st Edition
Preface to the 2nd Edition
INTRODUCTION
I TEXTUAL PAGE
Kant's Method of composing the Critique of Pure Reason
II HISTORICAL
Kant's Relation to Hume & to Leibniz
III GENERAL
1 The Nature of the a priori
2 Kant's Contribution to the Science of Logic
3 The Nature of Consciousness
4 Phenomenalism, Kant's Substitute for Subjectivism
5 The Distinction between Human & Animal Intelligence
6 The Nature & Conditions of Self-Consciousness
7 Kant's 3fold Distinction between Sensibility, Understanding & Reason
8 The place of the Critique of Pure Reason in Kant's Philosophical System
THE CRITIQUE OF PURE REASON
Title
Motto
Dedication to Freiherr von Zedlitz
PREFACE TO THE 1ST EDITION
Comment on Preface
Dogmatism, Scepticism, Criticism
PREFACE TO THE 2ND EDITION
The Copernican Hypothesis
INTRODUCTION
Comment upon the Argument of Kant's Introduction
How are Synthetic a priori Judgments possible?
The Analytic & Synthetic Methods
Purpose & Scope of the Critique
Kant's Relation to Hume
Meaning of the term Transcendental
THE TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF ELEMENTS
Pt I THE TRANSCENDENTAL AESTHETIC
Definition of Terms
Kant's conflicting Views of Space
Section 1 SPACE
Kant's Attitude to the Problems of Modern Geometry
Section 2 TIME
Kant's Views regarding the Nature of Arithmetical Science
Kant's conflicting Views of Time
General Observations on the Transcendental Aesthetic
The Distinction between Appearance & Illusion
Kant's Relation to Berkeley
The Paradox of Incongruous Counterparts
Pt II THE TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC
Introduction
I Logic in General
II Transcendental Logic
III The Division of General Logic into Analytic & Dialectic
Division I THE TRANSCENDENTAL ANALYTIC
Bk I THE ANALYTIC OF CONCEPTS
Ch I THE CLUE TO THE DISCOVERY OF ALL PURE CONCEPTS OF THE UNDERSTANDING
Section 1 The Logical Use of the Understanding
Comment on Kant's Argument
Stages in the Development of Kant's Metaphysical Deduction
Section 2 The Logical Function of the Understanding in Judgment
Section 3 The Categories on Pure Concepts of the Understanding
Distinction between Logical Forms & Categories
Pt II THE TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC
Ch II DEDUCTION OF THE PURE CONCEPTS OF THE UNDERSTANDING
Analysis of the Text: the 4 Stages in the Development of Kant's Views
I Enumeration of the 4 Stages
II Detailed Analysis of the 4 Stages
Kant's Doctrine of the Transcendental Object
III Evidence yielded by the Reflexionen & Lose Blätter in Support of the Analysis of the Text
IV Connected Statement & Discussion of Kant's Subjective & Objective Deductions in the 1st Edition
Distinction between the Subjective & the Objective Deductions
The Subjective Deduction in its initial empirical Stages
Objective Deduction as given in the 1st Edition
The later Stages of the Subjective Deduction
The Distinction between Phenomenalism & Subjectivism
Transcendental Deduction of the Categories in the 2nd Edition
The Doctrine of Inner Sense
Kant's Refutations of Idealism
Inner Sense & Apperception
Bk II THE ANALYTIC OF PRINCIPLES
Ch I THE SCHEMATISM OF PURE CONCEPTS OF THE UNDERSTANDING
Ch II SYSTEM OF ALL PRINCIPLES OF PURE UNDERSTANDING
1 The Axioms of Intuition
2 The Anticipations of Perception
3 The Analogies of Experience
A 1st Analogy
B 2nd Analogy
Schopenhauer's Criticism of Kant's Argument
Kant's Subjectivist & Phenomenalist Views of the Causal Relation
Reply to Further Criticisms of Kant's Argument
Pt II THE TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC
C 3rd Analogy
Schopenhauer's Criticism of Kant's Argument
4 The Postulates of Empirical Thought in General
Ch III ON THE GROUND OF THE DISTINCTION OF ALL OBJECTS WHATEVER INTO PHENOMENA & NOUMENA
Relevant Passages in the Section on Amphiboly
Alterations in the 2nd Edition
Comment on Kant's Argument
Appendix. The Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection
Division II THE TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC
Introductory Comment upon the composite Origin & conflicting Tendencies of the Dialectic
The History & Development of Kant's Views in regard to the Problems of the Dialectic
Introduction
I Transcendental Illusion
II Pure Reason as the Seat of Transcendental Illusion
Bk I THE CONCEPTS OF PURE REASON
Section 1 Ideas in General
Section 2 The Transcendental Ideas
Section 3 System of the Transcendental Ideas
Bk II THE DIALECTICAL INFERENCES OF PURE REASON
Ch I THE PARALOGISMS OF PURE REASON
1st Paralogism: of Substantiality
2nd Paralogism: of Simplicity
3rd Paralogism: of Personality
4th Paralogism: of Ideality
2nd Edition Statement of the Paralogisms
Is the Notion of the Self a necessary Idea of Reason?
Ch II THE ANTINOMY OF PURE REASON
Section 1 System of the Cosmological Ideas
Section 2 Antithetic of Pure Reason
Comment on Kant's Method of Argument
1st Antinomy
2nd Antinomy
3rd Antinomy
4th Antinomy
Pt II THE TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC
Section 3 The Interest of Reason in this Self-Conflict
Section 4 Of the Transcendental Problems of Pure Reason in so far as they absolutely must be capable of Solution
Section 5 Sceptical Representation of the Cosmological Questions
Section 6 Transcendental Idealism as the Key to the Solution of the Cosmological Dialectic
Section 7 Critical Decision of the Cosmological Conflict of Reason with itself
Section 8 The Regulative Principle of Pure Reason in regard to the Cosmological Ideas
Section 9 The Empirical Employment of the Regulative Principles of Reason in regard to all Cosmological Ideas
Solution of the 1st & 2nd Antinomies
Remarks on the Distinction between the Mathematical-Transcendental & the Dynamical-Transcendental Ideas
Comment on Kant's Method of Argument
Solution of the 3rd Antinomy
Possibility of harmonising Causality thru Freedom with the Universal Law of Natural Necessity
Explanation of the Relation of Freedom to Necessity of Nature
Comment on Kant's Method of Argument
Solution of the 4th Antinomy
Concluding Note on the whole Antinomy of Pure Reason
Concluding Comment on Kant's Doctrine of the Antinomies
Ch III THE IDEAL OF PURE REASON
Sections 1-2 The Transcendental Ideal
Comment on Kant's Method of Argument
Section 3 The Speculative Arguments in Proof of the Existence of a Supreme Being
Section 4 The Impossibility of an Ontological Proof
Comment on Kant's Method of Argument
Section 5 The Impossibility of a Cosmological Proof of the Existence of God
Comment on Kant's Method of Argument
Discovery & Explanation of the Transcendental Illusion in all Transcendental Proof of the Existence of a necessary Being
Comment on Kant's Method of Argument
Section 6 The Impossibility of the Physico-Theological Proof
Section 7 Criticism of all Theology based on speculative Principles of Reason
Concluding Comment
APPENDIX TO THE TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC
The Regulative Employment of the Ideas of Pure Reason
Hypotheses not permissible in Philosophy
On the Final Purpose of the Natural Dialectic of Human Reason
Concluding Comment on the Dialectic
APPENDIX A
THE TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF METHODS
Ch I THE DISCIPLINE OF PURE REASON
Section 1 The Discipline of Pure Reason in its Dogmatic Employment
Section 2 The Discipline of Pure Reason in its Polemical Employment
Section 3 The Discipline of Pure Reason in regard to Hypotheses
Section 4 The Discipline of Pure Reason in regard to its Proofs
Ch II THE CANON OF PURE REASON
Section 1 The Ultimate End of the Pure Use of our Reason
Section 2 The Ideal of the Highest Good as a Determining Ground of the Ultimate End of Pure Reason
Section 3 Opining, Knowing & Believing
Ch III THE ARCHITECTONIC OF PURE REASON
Ch IV THE HISTORY OF PURE REASON
Appendix B
Appendix C
Index

Dintre toate lucrarile filosofice majore, Critica ratiunii pure este una dintre cele mai pline de satisfactii, dar una dintre cele mai dificile. Comentariul lui Norman Kemp Smith elucideaza nu numai intrebari texturale si probleme minore, ci si problemele centrale care apar, sustine el, din tendintele conflictuale ale propriei gandiri a lui Kant.