Landholding in the new English settlement of Hacketstown, Co. Carlow, 1635-1875

The new Protestant settlement in the lordship of Clonmore, centred around Hacketstown, proved resilient to the 1641 rebellion and attracted investment, including by Dublin bureaucrats and landed and military figures. Entrepreneurial Catholics turned to trade in response to the penal laws. Unusually, in the period 1852–74 most leaseholders, including Catholics, achieved security of tenure, subject to fixed rents. In 1874–5, Henry Parnell (brother of Charles Stewart), owner of the lordship, had the Landed Estates Court auction its heavily encumbered 13,000 acres which were purchased, piecemeal, mainly by large-scale local landowners, sitting tenants and Dublin-based professionals.

Noua asezare protestanta din domnia Clonmore, centrata in jurul Hacketstown, s-a dovedit rezistenta la rebeliunea din 1641 si a atras investitii, inclusiv de catre birocratii din Dublin si personalitati funciare si militare. Catolicii antreprenoriale s-au orientat spre comert ca raspuns la legile penale.