Distributed Energy Resources in Local Integrated Energy Systems

Optimal Scheduling of Distributed Energy Resources in the Context of Local Integrated Energy Systems comprehensively reviews the most recent research and policy developments surrounding the optimal operation and planning of DER in the context of local integrated energy systems, in the presence of multiple energy carriers and vectors and multi-objective requirements. This assessment is carried out by analyzing impacts and benefits not only at the local level, but also on the distribution network and larger systems, through DER aggregation concepts, functional architectures, and emerging paradigms as energy communities. Interactions among various energy carriers in the local energy systems are investigated in scalable and flexible optimization models for adaptation to a number of real contexts thanks to the wide variety of generation, conversion and storage technologies considered, and the exploitation of demand side flexibility and emerging technologies, as well as through the general mathematical formulations established. Moreover, in order to foster an effective implementation and deployment of local integrated energy systems while also investigating the benefits and impacts related to the DER integration in the energy supply, multi-objective optimal operation models are proposed by considering both economic and sustainability-related objectives. These frameworks represent valid tools to provide support in decision making process for DER operation and planning. Uncertainties of RES generation and loads in optimal DER scheduling are also addressed, and the role of prosumers will be investigated through the concepts of neighborhood energy trading and blockchain technologies.